Bandy
legs - bowed legs.
Level Bite - level mouth, or pincer bite;
vise-like bite where upper and lower incisors meet edge to
edge. Correct in Maltese.
Scissor Bite - upper incisor teeth fit the upper
incisors. Correct in Maltese.
Misaligned teeth - or irregular bite; one, some,
or all incisors have erupted in abnormal fashion.
Overshot - front teeth (incisors) of the upper jaw
extend slightly beyond the front teeth of the lower jaw when
the mouth is closed.
Pig jaw - upper jaw extending far beyond the lower
jaw; a fault in all breeds.
Undershot - upper jaw does not extend as far as the
lower law.
Wry-jawed - wry mouth; lower jaw area of the foreface
noticeably out of level.
Cobby - Compact; a cob. In Maltese, means a short,
square body.
Feet East and West (Easty-Westy) - toes turned out.
High on leg, Up on leg - leggy; appears high off
the ground; high stationed.
Genotype - the configuration of genes that make up
a trait, which may or may not be expressed physically.
Muzzle - foreface; forward portion of the upper and
lower jaw and nose portion of the head; the head in front
of the eyes.
Muzzle, snipy - when viewed from above, the muzzle
at the junction of the backskull is pinched the entire length
of the muzzle. Incisors or front teeth are crowded.
Off-Square - lightly longer from point of shoulder
to point of buttocks, than height at withers.
Paddling - Moving the front legs like a canoe paddle
motion; a rotary motion; when the front feet move forward,
they have a somewhat circular motion.
Phenotype - characteristic shown on the outside of
the dog.
Pigeon Toed - Toes turned in; toes pointing toward
one another; toes turned in from the line of progress.
Pigmentation - Dark pigmentation of nose, eye rims,
lips, toenails, pads and skin; color of pigment generally
follows coat color; in most breeds the pigment should be completely
filled in and it should not show any sign of spots; lacking
pigment is indicated by flesh or light color.
Ribs, well sprung - Ribs that spring out from the
spine nearly level forming a broad back, arch downward and
at the lower end curve in to connect with the breastbone;
shape of chest (arch and lower end curve) can be round, oval
or flat.
Sound - Free from flaw, defect or decay; perfect
for the kind; undamaged or unimpaired.
Tail - caudal or coccygeal vertebrae; six to twenty-three
vertebrae which attach to the sacral vertebrae; last part
of the spinal column.
Tail Set - How the base of the tail sets on the rump;
level tail set (level with the back), low tail set (goose
rump; dip at the base of the tail).
Tail, corkscrew - tail with a twist in the end.
Tail, curled - Tail which curls over back; can be
three-quarter or full, single or double curl.
Tail, flag - hair on tail hangs down and forms a
flag.
Tail, flagpole - thin long tail carried up.
Tail, gay - a tail carried higher than desirable
for the breed; usually the tail is held over the back.
Tail, low-set - tail base below level of backline.
Tail, plumed - long, flowing feathering on tail;
hair on the tail as on Setters; long fringe of hair hanging
from tail; a heavy coated tail carried over back, as in Maltese.
Tail, sickle - tail carried out and up in a loose
semicircle (shaped like a sickle), but not touching the back.
Tail, snap - similar to a sickle tail, but curves
over the back with the tip in direct contact with the back.
Tail, tight - tail that cannot be lifted from the
body.
Topline - The line formed from the back of the ears,
over the neck, withers, back, and croup to set-on of the tail.
Often used in many standards to mean the backline - from the
rear of the withers to the tail set. A level topline refers
to the backline being level. A sag in the topline refers to
the backline being concave or sagging in the middle, with
the low point just forward of the loin. A roach in the topline
is a convex curve in the backline.
Tuck-in - looking down on the loin, the sides are
as wide as the ribcage and rear quarters and there is a smooth
transition between the ribcage and the rear quarters.
Tuck-up - narrow-waisted in the loin; rise in the
bottom line at loin area; ribs are normal, not herring-gutted,
and tuck-up begins at the end of the ribs; area of the lower
stomach line or belly.
Turned-upward - muzzle or foreface turned up; uptilted
foreface; upsweep of underjaw; turning up of lower law.
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